A Step-by-Step Guide on How to Change Default Gateway on Ubuntu 20

Setting up a new network configuration on Ubuntu 20 can sometimes be challenging for beginners, especially when it comes to adjusting the default gateway. The default gateway is an essential component of your network, serving as the point your computer uses to access the internet or communicate with devices on another network. In this guide, we will delve into the steps required to change the default gateway on Ubuntu 20 while also exploring the significance of API calls, API gateways, and the functionality of IBM API Connect.

Table of Contents

1. Understanding Default Gateway
2. Why Change the Default Gateway?
3. Prerequisites
4. Methods to Change Default Gateway
5. Using Graphical User Interface (GUI)
6. Using the Terminal
7. Set a Permanent Default Gateway
8. Verifying the Configuration
9. Understanding API Calls and API Gateway
10. Integrating with IBM API Connect
11. Conclusion

Understanding Default Gateway

The default gateway functions as the door through which your computer transmits data when attempting to communicate with resources outside of its local network. Without an active default gateway configured, your device will only be able to access local network resources.

The address of the default gateway is typically assigned through a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server; however, there are instances when it needs to be changed manually.

Why Change the Default Gateway?

There are several scenarios where you might need to change the default gateway:

• Network Reconfiguration: Changes in the network infrastructure may necessitate updates to the default gateway settings.
• Troubleshooting Connectivity Issues: If you’re experiencing connectivity issues, changing the gateway to a different one may resolve the problem.
• Network Policies: Your organization may require you to use a specific gateway for various reasons, including security or performance.

Prerequisites

Before changing the default gateway, you need:

• Administrative access to the Ubuntu machine.
• Knowledge of the new default gateway IP address you plan to use.

Methods to Change Default Gateway

There are multiple methods to change the default gateway on Ubuntu 20, including using the GUI, terminal commands, or configuring it permanently.

Using Graphical User Interface (GUI)

1. Click on the network icon in the system tray.
2. Select “Settings” or “Network Settings.”
3. Choose your active network connection.
4. Click the gear icon next to your connection.
5. In the IPv4 settings, switch from “Automatic (DHCP)” to “Manual.”
6. Enter the new default gateway in the “Gateway” field.
7. Click “Apply” to save changes.

Using the Terminal

For users who prefer terminal commands, follow these steps:

1. Open the Terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T).

2. Type the following command to see your current network settings:
   bash
ip route

3. To change the default gateway, use:
   bash
sudo ip route change default via [NEW_GATEWAY_IP]
   Replace [NEW_GATEWAY_IP] with your actual gateway IP address.

4. Confirm the change using:
   bash
ip route

Set a Permanent Default Gateway

To ensure the change persists after a reboot, you need to edit the Netplan configuration files.

1. Open the terminal and execute:
   bash
sudo nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml

2. Find the section for the network interface, and under “ethernets” add or modify the following:
   yaml
network:
version: 2
ethernets:
[INTERFACE_NAME]:
dhcp4: false
addresses:
- [YOUR_IP_ADDRESS]/[SUBNET_MASK]
gateway4: [NEW_GATEWAY_IP]
nameservers:
addresses:
- [DNS_SERVER_IP] # Optional, if you want to specify a DNS server.
   Replace [INTERFACE_NAME], [YOUR_IP_ADDRESS], [SUBNET_MASK], and [NEW_GATEWAY_IP] with your specific values.

3. Save and exit by pressing Ctrl + X, followed by Y to confirm.

4. Apply the changes using:
   bash
sudo netplan apply

Verifying the Configuration

To verify if your default gateway has been successfully set, use the following command:

ip route show

The output should display your new default gateway.

Understanding API Calls and API Gateway

With the growing reliance on APIs in modern software development, understanding the concept of an API gateway is crucial. An API gateway is a management tool that sits between a client and a collection of backend services.

Benefits of Using an API Gateway

• Centralized Entry Point: An API gateway serves as a single entry point for requests from consumers to the backend services.
• Traffic Management: It helps manage and route traffic effectively, ensuring optimal performance under varying loads.
• Security: API gateways can enforce security policies, such as authentication and rate limiting, to protect backend services.

API Call Example

To exemplify how to make an API call, consider the following command using curl. This demonstrates how to interact with an API service:

curl --location 'http://host:port/path' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--header 'Authorization: Bearer token' \
--data '{
    "messages": [
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": "Hello World!"
        }
    ],
    "variables": {
        "Query": "Please reply in a friendly manner."
    }
}'

Make sure to replace host, port, path, and token with the actual information corresponding to the API service you are working with.

Integrating with IBM API Connect

IBM API Connect is a comprehensive API management solution that offers an array of features for creating, managing, and securing APIs. By integrating IBM API Connect into your workflow, you can take advantage of its robust tools while ensuring your API calls are efficient and secure. You can also use API management services to create gateways that handle routing and rewriting of requests efficiently.

Advantages of Using IBM API Connect

1. Integrated environment: Offers tools to develop, manage, secure, and socialize your APIs seamlessly.
2. Robust security policies: Ensures only authorized users have access to your APIs.
3. Monitoring and Analytics: Tracks API performance, giving insights into usage patterns and potential issues.

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Routing Rewrite in API Gateway

When working with API gateways, routing rewrite is a crucial concept. It allows you to modify the requests and responses that pass through the gateway. This feature can help in various situations, such as when you need to change endpoint URLs or append additional parameters to requests.

Conclusion

Changing the default gateway on Ubuntu 20 is a straightforward process that can be performed through various methods such as the graphical interface or command line. Once you have successfully configured your gateway, work towards understanding how API calls function and how tools like IBM API Connect can further enrich your development environment. With the knowledge of handling gateway changes and API integrations, you are now equipped to enhance your network configurations and API management efficiently.

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